つづき Critique of my BA Dissertation ●明からの紀效新書の入手、そのコピーの武藝諸譜の経緯はこっちでしたね。 The ChosOn military acquired this manual by slightly dubious means. A Chinese army was sent that had been trained in the tactics described in the manual. Yu SOngnyong, one of the main ministers during this period, asked Li for a copy of the manual. Li refused on the grounds of security. Yu then sent an official/soldier called Han Kyu to obtain a copy of the manual. It is not clear how Han did this, but he obtained and copied the manual. The ChosOn version of the manual was called the Muye Chebo. I have not seen a complete copy of this manual. The sections I have seen show a low quality of reproduction (remember this was wartime), the descriptions were simplified, and importantly also translated into Hangul. The illustrations are much poorer than in the Chinese manual. Assuming that I have seen all the manual, then all the technical descriptions on tactics and training contained in the Ming manual have been dropped. What remains are just the practical combat techniques. ●清から武備志の入手はこっちか。清では武備志は禁書だったらしい。 However, before it had collapsed, the Ming had produced another military manual called the Wubeich'i (there are others, but this is considered the best and most influential. Indeed, the modern Chinese army has recently reprinted in modern format all(?) the Ming and Ch'ing military manuals. The reprint runs to at least thirty volumes).Inevitably, the ChosOn military obtained a copy of this manual, possibly via the same dubious method they obtained the Chi-hsiao hsin-shu. I don't have the date with me, but I think they may not have obtained the manual until the Ch'ing were victorious, which might suggest that either Ming reminents supplied the book, or a bribe was paid to Ch'ing officials (I may have read that this manual was suppressed by the Ch'ing, but I can not be certain).
6 名前: 名無しさん@1周年 投稿日: 2000/08/14(月) 06:30
こんなのも何かの役に立つ時もあるかな。 http://www.kidohae.com/history.htm The classification of different types of martial arts as various kinds of "Do" is a Japanese way of thinking. In Korea, on the other hand, the martial arts have been recognized traditionally as being either "Ki" ("skill"), "Sool"("art, method"), or "Kiyae" ("mechanical art"). That is to say, Koreans looked upon martial arts as either a means of fighting or as method of developing the mind and body. Examination of the ancient Korean historical records reveal that such terms as "moo-do", "koong-do", or "gum-do" were not so much as once used. It was only after the middle of the Japanese colonial rule in Korea that the term "do" first appeared in Korean records. In Korea, "mu-yae" or "moo-sool" were traditionally used instead of "moo-do". In the same way, "koong-sa" (bow shooting), or "koong-sool" (bow technique) were used by Koreans instead of "koong-do". In addition, "yoo-sool" was used in Korea, not "yoo-do".
馬鹿正直というか、、、 Japan Information Network http://www.jinjapan.org/ ●JIN Virtual Museum−Traditional Martial Arts http://jin.jcic.or.jp/museum/menu.html Overview of Japanese Karate http://jin.jcic.or.jp/museum/karate/about_ka.html This method of unarmed self-defense is not considered a traditional Japanese martial art, but is loosely referred to as such outside Japan. Overview of Judo http://jin.jcic.or.jp/museum/judo/about_ju.html Judo, literally the "way of softness," developed from an earlier form of unarmed martial art called jujutsu (literally the "technique of softness"), learned from the Asian continent. Overview of Japanese Archery (Kyudo) http://jin.jcic.or.jp/museum/archery/about_ar.html Archery has a long history in Japan, going back to equestrian archery practised in the 3rd century. However, Chinese civil archery introduced from the 6th century had an overriding influence on later etiquette and techniques. ●History of Japan http://jin.jcic.or.jp/museum/historyofjp/histjp.html During this period, manufactured articles, weapons, and agricultural tools were introduced from China and Korea. The period is named after the huge mounded tombs (kofun) that were built for the political elite.
13 名前: 名無しさん@1周年 投稿日: 2000/08/14(月) 13:43
それに比べて、、、檀君ありで、大韓帝国はどこいった? http://www.korea.go.kr/ehtm/korea/history/index.html About 500,000 years ago (Paleolithic period) : Early man began to inhabit Korea from this time. B.C. 2333 : Tan-gun established the first kingdom named Choson. B.C. 57-668 : Three Kingdoms -Koguryo (B.C. 37-668) -Paekche (B.C. 18-660) -Shilla (B.C. 57-935) 676-935 : Unified Shilla (Capital : Kyoungju) 699-926 : Palhae 918-1392 : Koryo (Capital : Kaesong) Buddhism was the state religion. -Tripitaka Koreana(Buddhist text on large wood blocks with 80,000 pages) -Koryo Celadon 13th century : Mongol Incursions 1392-1910 : Choson Dynasty (Capital : Seoul) Society based on Confucianism. 1443 : King Sejong invented, the Korean Alphabet, Hangul (Hun-Min-Jung-Um). 1592-1598 : Japanese Invasion, Defeat of Japan by Admiral Yi Sun-shin The late 19th century : China, Russia and Japan competed to introduce their forces into the Korean Peninsula. 1910 : Korea was annexed by Japan. 1919 : Samil(March 1st) Independence Movement 1945 : Independence from Japan, Territorial Division (South and North). 1948 : The Republic of Korea and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea were inaugurated in South and North Korea respectively. 1950-1953 : Korean War, A cease-fire was signed. 1988 : The 24th Summer Olympic Games were held. 1991 : Both South and North Korea joined the UN simultaneously.
>>12 Overview of Judo http://jin.jcic.or.jp/museum/judo/about_ju.html Judo, literally the "way of softness," developed from an earlier form of unarmed martial art called jujutsu (literally the "technique of softness"), learned from the Asian continent. 柔術がアジアから来たというのは定かではないと思いますよ。 こういう不確実なものまで載せるなっちゅーの。 まさか新羅三郎だって言いたいんじゃないでしょうね。 言いように付け込まれる事載せるなよ。
柔術が発展しだすは応仁の乱辺りからだから、必要に迫られて発達したの でしょう。
日本は朝鮮と違って文献が豊富だから、嘘は付けないよね。 嘘を付く気があれば幾らでも捏造出来るけど。
During this period, manufactured articles, weapons, and agricultural tools were introduced from China and Korea. ちなみにmanufactured articles, weapons, and agricultural tools 朝鮮より日本の方が多く出土してるのだってさ。不自然な事なんだけど。
738 名無しさん@1周年,,2000/08/11(金) 10:18 >>667 > but many were also applied to horse. 韓国がホッケーは韓国オリジナルと言ってたけど、これのオリジンも 武芸図譜通知かもね。馬に対する拘りはかなりのものです。 韓国ホッケーの起源は馬の上に乗ってやるものと、このスレッドに ありました。所謂poloですね。イギリスpoloの起源はペルシアらしい ですけどね。 >>668 KyOngdangというのも流派の名前みたいですね。 http://members.aol.com/torm1358/KyOngDang.htm KyOng Dang is a Korean martial art that was developed in the 1960s. It was developed by one man and is based on a ChosOn military manual called the Muye Tobo T'ongji.The manual covers empty-hand, sword, spear, and various other weapons techniques. KyOng Dang has tried to recreate all of these techniques, ★except for those on a horse.★ >>668 Recently some of the techniques in this manual have been resurrected under the name of ★KyOngdang ★ (though, unfortunately, ★not those to do with the horse★).
For instance, if one compares the original print of a pattern called ★ponkukkOm ★(see plate e), このponkukkOmというのは >>663 "Native Sword (★Pon'gukkom★) or "New Sword" (Shin'gom),to be carried on the waist like "Sharp Sword" (Yodo). Travelers says that the sword was invented and practiced by a Silla Hwarang, Hwang Ch'ang. Pon'gukkomこれですね。 Hwang Ch'ang. が発明したと言われる新刀 です。この新刀で本国剣法を演じたと。★しかしどこにも本国剣法という 名が出てこない★。本国剣法というのももしかしたら、後世の造語かも。 >>668 The original print shows a medium-length curved blade, such as a katana, while the modern renderings opt for a★ Chinese style, straight-bladed perfomance sword★ (Kim KwangsOk) and a very-long sword (changgOm) by the KyOngdang practitioners.
If this art has been handed down from Silla times, then it would presumably would have been intended for use with a Chinese-style sword because the curved bladed sword only appeared after the Imjin War.
Kim, then, appears to be attempting to recreate the original form of the pattern.This would suggest that the sword arts had, for a long while KyOng Dangの創始者のキムも矛盾に気付いていたようですね。新羅時代の 剣法なのに、日本刀を用いるのはおかしいと。我々日本人も変だなと 思いましたからねぇ。当たり前ですよね。双手剣も嘘でしょうね。
ここのサイト画像も載せて欲しいなぁ(see plate e)(see plates f & g ) とかあるけど。 because the curved bladed sword only appeared after the Imjin War. 曲がった刀が出てくるのも秀吉の侵攻以来だったんですね。 >Moreover, Silla's neighboring country, Japan (Wa), must have >received their "sword dance equipment" (sword >techniques/"samurai swords") from Hwang Ch'ang Rang and >yet this cannot be examined today. http://www.hwarangdo.com/hwarang2.htm このサイトではこんな無理な主張してるけどね。電波入ってます。
sections on Chinese and Japanese martial arts. これ見てみたいですね。chedokkOmや The empty-hand techniques, called kwonbOp,は戚継光(the Ming general Yi Yongson) の紀效新書ですね。he empty-hand techniques・・これは片手剣のこと かな?紀效新書の流れをくむ事が分りますね。then they probably replaced subak,subakって何ですか?そもそも有用な武術があっ たら、中国に学ぶ事もないし、とっかえる事もないでしょうに。 While waegOm represents the techniques the Japanese samurai used during the Imjin war. waegOm は漢字だとどうなりますかね?武芸図譜通知に倭の刀法が出ている のか。参考文献目録もあるらしいから、どんな日本の書物を参考にしたか くらい分る筈です。
20 名前: 復元 投稿日: 2000/08/14(月) 21:26
739 続き,,2000/08/11(金) 10:19 Plate I further illustrates the problems of interpretation of the manual. This page, from the Seoul' university's kyOngdang club's manual, gives the original Chinese (bottom right), the original mixed script (bottom left), and the modern interpretation (top), which is, incidentally, different from both Sim UsOng's and Kim's books. This further confuses attempts to interpret the Muye tobo T'ongji. うーん。なんか中国武術の解釈も原本から変えてるみたいですね。 中国武術に勝手な解釈入れてウリナラのものにしようというわけか。 武芸図譜通知ですでにその努力が払われたのかもしれない。 the original Chinese →紀效新書、the original mixed script → 武芸図譜通知 the modern interpretationこれが復刻版か?
Sim UsOng'・・・・この人は誰でしょう?Kimこの人はKyOng Dangの人。
As well as written explanations, the Muye Tobo T'ongji also gives two types of diagrams for the major patterns. Examples can be seen in plates J and K. Plate J illustrates the kwonbOp empty-hand techniques. As well as the picture representations, the Chinese names of the moves are also given in a separate diagram. Plate K shows a pattern using a Chinese halberd. 図にも混乱があるんだって。ちょっとこれが一番訳しにくい。分らない。 紀效新書と武芸図譜通知を言ってるのかな?Plate Jはthe kwonbOp empty-hand techniques.で動きにも中国名が与えられている? Plate K では中国式のおのやりを使っている? 紀效新書の図に関して二つの解釈の図を用意した?どなたかわかる方 いらっしゃいませんでしょうか?
http://members.aol.com/torm1358/KyOngDang.htm even a cursory glance at the illustrations, that are ★inevitably reprinted,★ shows that the techniques described in the manual ★ bear no relationship ★to the contemporary martial art under discussion. The manual was ★reprinted in a modern format,★ probably during the 1970s, and it was probably after this that the various martial arts in Korea began to take an active interest in the techniques described in the manual. During the 1970s and 1980s several Komdo groups also began to turn to this manual for inspiration/confirmation of that style's ancient origins. 原本からかなり可能性ありますね。だから最終的には原本 を突き詰めてみないといけないかも。もしかしてなかったりして??
このサイトの人はかなり冷静ですね。興味半分にやってる外人 って感じ。 (though still heavily showing its Japanese origins). なんて言ってるし。
21 名前: 復元 投稿日: 2000/08/14(月) 21:27
740 名無しさん@1周年,,2000/08/12(土) 07:10 >>665 >東國輿地勝覧 (復刻版が1912かな)には新羅人黄窓が剣舞をえさに百済王を刺したので、 >百済人は彼を殺した。新羅人は悲しんでその顔姿を型どって仮面を作って被って剣舞を >踊ったと記す。それが今も伝えられている。倭が新羅と隣接しているから剣技と剣舞が >伝えられた。武藝圖譜通志とか東京雑技(東京雜記)は東国輿地勝覽を引用したそ >うであるが、東国輿地勝覽はどういう文献を参考にしたか明らかにしなかった。 >>663 I have not been able to find the story about Hwang Ch'ang in any other source. http://www.hwarangdo.com/hwarang2.htm Hwang Ch'angがが新刀を発明した事、剣舞を踊って、百済の王を刺した話、 Hwang Ch'ang の話は武芸図譜通知にしかないらしい。
東國輿地勝覧→ 武藝圖譜通志で適当に名前を付けて花朗徒を作ったのかな。 黄窓= Hwang Ch'angだとすると、全く同じ話であって、 I have not been able to find the story about Hwang Ch'ang in any other source. でもなさそうなんですが。 武藝圖譜通志→東國輿地勝覧 (復刻版1912)なんて可能性もありますけど。 665の情報ってどこから持って来たんですか?大韓剣道協会(連盟?)では剣舞があっ て、日本の雅学に影響を与えたとなってるけど。
22 名前: 復元 投稿日: 2000/08/14(月) 21:27
741 名無しさん@1周年,,2000/08/12(土) 07:22 >>666 The Jixiao Xinshu これが紀效新書(きこうしんしょ) (the Ming General)Qi Jiquang これが戚 継光(せきけいこう) か。日本語の発音と全然違いますね。中国発音かな? history suggests that the Koreans acquired the document by dubious means during the latter stages of the Imjin War (1592-1598) dubious疑わしい?どういう意味っすかね。どうやって獲得したか明瞭じゃないって意味 かな。
(It is doubtful that the Ming would have freely given up such an important military document to the Koreans, especially when a mere 36 years later, in 1636, the Ch'ing (Manchu) Chinese forced the capitulation of King Injo and demanded Korean troops to assist in the subjugation of the Ming.)
?読解力不足。満州族の手下になった朝鮮だったら、紀效新書を教える事はなかっただ ろう?
The Sok Pyungjang Tosul was probably based on a copy of the Jixiao Xinshu,
The Sok Pyungjang Tosul これって武芸諸諸?ですかね?発音が全然違うっぽいけど。
The Sok Pyungjang Tosul was probably based on a copy of the Jixiao Xinshu, while the Muye Tobo T'ongji, composed in 1790 and containing sections on armed and unarmed combat, as well as cavalry and infantry tactics, is a copy of the Sok Pyungjang Tosul. これ見る限り武芸図譜通知も武芸諸諸?のコピーみたい。 >The sword forms used in modern Haedong Kumdo were gleaned from >those contained within the Muye Tobo T'ongji. 毎度ですけど、紀效新書の倭寇の刀法が鍵握ってるね。
23 名前: 復元 投稿日: 2000/08/14(月) 21:28
742 名無しさん@1周年,,2000/08/12(土) 18:45 >>738 >sections on Chinese and Japanese martial arts. >これ見てみたいですね。chedokkOmや The empty-hand >techniques, called kwonbOp,は戚継光(the Ming general Yi Yongson) >の紀效新書ですね。he empty-hand techniques・・これは片手剣のこと >かな?紀效新書の流れをくむ事が分りますね。
the chedokkOm was one of the techniques brought by the Ming general Yi Yongson during the Imjin War. このthe Ming general Yi Yongsonってのは文禄の役(1592)で兄弟で活躍した 明の将軍、李如松(兄)か李如栢(弟)のことじゃないですかねえ。紀效新書 (1561or1595年) の戚繼光(威継光)(1528?-1588?異説有り) ではないですよ。 文禄の役の当時にはもう生きてませんから。chedokkOmってchedok剣か、何 だろねえ。 >>309 『紀效新書』の著者威継光が1561年に猿飛陰流目録(傳授秘 法之書)を入手し、茅元儀がその目録(一部を?)『武備志』(1621)に記載した。 猿の刀操図(7匹の猿)。 ってことしか未だに我々は知らないね。 The empty-hand techniques, called kwonbOp, are also based upon Chinese techniques. このempty-hand techniques, called kwonbOpってのは拳法という空手技法の ことでは?つまりkwonbOpとは拳法。GumbopとかKumbopとかKombopなら剣法ね。 例えば、http://www.hwarangdo.com/hrd1.htmでは the secret ancient Hwarang combat skills called Um Yang Kwon ★陰陽拳.
高麗時代のsubak (手拍 or手縛 )で拳法なのか剣法なのかも本当は分かって ないみたいですね。多くのサイトでは漢字からテッキョンの前身の拳法だと 推測してるみたいだけど。 http://members.aol.com/torm1358/dissert.htm#Muye%20tobo%20t'ongji As to the martial arts of the time, little is know. The official records of King Uijong (1146-1170) mentions a martial art called subak (手拍 or手縛 ).★ However, we do not know much about the art; whether it was predominately a weapons art, or an empty-hand art. ★ Certainly, the interval between this reference and the demise of the dynasty is great. Moreover, some writers have suggested that the Mongols suppressed KoryO's military techniques and that the old skills were lost.8 They argue that subak was mostly forgotten and only practised by a few in 'secret'.
>While waegOm represents the techniques the Japanese samurai used >during the Imjin war. >waegOm は漢字だとどうなりますかね?武芸図譜通知に倭の刀法が出ている >のか。参考文献目録もあるらしいから、どんな日本の書物を参考にしたか >くらい分る筈です。
744 名無しさん@1周年,,2000/08/12(土) 18:47 >>739 武芸図譜通志には元々、中国語(つまり漢文のみ)のとハングル中国語混合文 の2通りがあったのではないですかねえ?だからOriginalと書いてるのでは? 現代版は何回か出版されてるようで、例えば http://members.aol.com/torm1358/KyOngDang.htmでは、 The manual was reprinted in a modern format, probably during the 1970s 1970年代出版したようだし、最近のでは同志社大の蔵書の武藝圖譜通志 は [ソウル] : 弘文閣, 1990.1 772, 5p ; 26cm 本文言語 中国語 朝鮮語 です。Sim UsOngの本とKim本はどちらも現代版だと思う。この現代版の2つでも 取り上げてるページに差違があって、こうしたことが、武芸図譜通志の解釈を ますます混乱させてる、ってことかな。さらには武芸図譜通志自体のイラスト にもkwonbOpをempty-handにしたり、Chinese halberdにしたりの混乱があるって ことではないでしょうか
>>740 >ファン→Hwang? 窓→Ch'ang? A modified form of the McCune-Reishauer system for romanizing Korean words and names だと、hwang 黄 ch'ang 窓ですから、 Hwang Ch'angは黄窓でいいみたいです。 >665の情報ってどこから持って来たんですか? 大韓剣道協会からですよ。
>>30 この961695039.datを保存してから、ログコンを実施方。 DOSじゃなくWINDOWS実行プログラムでした。簡単にHTMLに変換してくれます。 http://members.tripod.co.jp/tatsu01/ 2ちゃんねる用ログコンバータ DAT2HTML Ver 0.21d for Windows -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1.概要、動作環境 総合掲示板『2ちゃんねる』のログデータ(*.dat)をHTML形式およびプレーンテキスト形式に 変換するツールです。インデックスファイル作成機能によりブラウザのみで快適に閲覧が 可能です。Windows 95/98 , Windows NT/2000(動作未確認)等のWin32環境で動作します。 ウィンドウ環境で実行するにはVisualBasic5.0のランタイムが必要です。
>旧スレッド672 >李朝期の武術の訓練と発展の証拠を見つけるようがんばったそうなんだが、 ★Some guards ★are carrying swords <slung> low across the back, but its hard to tell if they are the same size as the Japanese katana or longer. The blades do appear to★ be curved ★though. Most of the Korean guards are riding horses, suggesting that they were★ yangban.★
It would appear that existing martial arts, unsurprisingly, continued to be practised in the new dynasty. Evidence was found among the accounts of internal troubles, and Korean successes at reducing the waegu attacks.
>>26 はい。ご指摘ありがとうございます。おかげで大分頭の整理がつきました。 the original Chinese (bottom right), the original mixed script (bottom left), originalはあくまでも李朝の武芸図譜通誌を指すと。中国語文と、 中国(漢字)、ハングル文 の二通りあったわけですね。mixed scriptの出来た 年代も押さえておきたいですね。同時に作られたのか、後代に作られたのか。
>旧スレ745 >>The Sok Pyungjang Tosul これって武芸諸諸?ですかね?発音が全然違うっ >>ぽいけど。 >武藝諸譜(武芸諸譜)(1598年)Muyejebo >武藝新譜(武芸新譜)(1759年)Muyeshinbo >って感じだから、武藝諸譜じゃなでしょう。武藝圖譜通志に載ってる何かでは? 再度、問題のHaedong Kumdoサイトhttp://home.flash.net/~judymo/geomdo.html のThe Sok Pyungjang Tosulの箇所を抜き書きすると >The Ming Chinese military >classic, the Jixiao Xinshu (New Book of Effective Discipline), may have >been among the documents which were research and used to create ★the Sok >Pyungjang Tosul (Revised Illustrated Manual of Military Training and >Tactics). ★The Sok Pyungjang Tosul was probably the basis for the Muye >Tobo T'ongji (Manual of Martial Arts Training), the document which >contains the sword forms used in Haedong Kumdo. >★The Sok Pyungjang Tosul was >probably based on a copy of the Jixiao Xinshu, while the Muye Tobo >T'ongji, composed in 1790 and containing sections on armed and unarmed >combat, as well as cavalry and infantry tactics, is a copy of ★the Sok >Pyungjang Tosul. って、あるんだが、Sok Pyungjang Tosulは續兵將圖説>>50のことだと思う。 Sokは續、Pyungjangは兵將、Tosulは圖説に相当する。この書物は兵將圖説の の体裁を取った五軍營を中心にした当時中央軍の編成と陣法及び操錬などを扱っ た兵書ということだから、英文の(Revised Illustrated Manual of Military Training and Tactics)の意味にも合ってると思う。>>8の博物館の兵書や、 >>94の兵書の中では他に該当するものがないようだ。
ftp://64.33.44.189/pub/the_dojang/ (ここは資料の宝庫だね、妄想の) Welcome to martialartsresource.com! ftp://64.33.44.189/pub/the_dojang/MuyedoboTongji Subject: the_dojang: ★Muyedobo T'ongji★ In the original internet spirit of sharing information I decided to post my wife's and mine translation of the "Muye" even though it's a basic translation with lots of mistakes. Anyway, with all those silly letters on Hwarang Do I have to write I'll never have enough time to scan and post it on the net anyway. I've <snipped> the intro, I think Andrew pretty much covered the history already. You should remember though that the "24 martial arts" some people refer to means sword, spear, military horseback riding etc, not unarmed MA. This chapter on Kwonbop (or Chuanfa in Chinese or Kempo in Chinese) is the only one. Since ★Taekkyon was a game, not a MA★, naturally it is not mentioned.Some techniques it's possible to recognize with the pictures (armbar etc),others "seven star punch" etc. I have no idea what is. But many of the techniques have names that are used in modern Chinese MA so... I'm looking forward to reading the complete translation (Andrew :-)
MUYEDOBO T'ONGJI VOL.4 Fist Technique (Kwonbop - Kempo - Chuanfa) According to Qi Ji-guang, fist-techniques are not techniques to be used in battle. However, the training of the hands and legs form the base for the dexterous use of the limbs and the body (in weapon techniques). Mao Yuan-yi says: "You have to know how to draw before you can teach the 8 techniques of calligraphy" (Muyedobo's note: the eight different ways to lead the brush and the eight different strokes) and you have to put on the saddle before you can ride in gallop. In similar fashion, unarmed martial art is the base for the use of weapons. 中略
98 名前: 名無しさん@1周年 投稿日: 2000/08/20(日) 23:38
It has always been known that the Wudang had five words as their moral teaching. They used "respect", "strict", "straight", "diligent" and "intimate". They only taught these words to the people who used the pressure points and not to anyone outside the group of disciples. But these five words were not used for fighting but like praying. They used these words just like the warrior families used ★the words "humanity", "trust", "intelligence", "bravery" and "strict".★ (5 pages not translated) Introduction: China's basic 24 spear techniques and 32 basic fist techniques can be changed in hundreds of different ways according to circumstances. Sometimes the techniques are connected to each other, but all the techniques need not necessarily be connected in nonstop continuation. According to Mao Yuan-yi, ★the Korean sword-techniques★ can be divided into slashing, stabbing and striking. And in our country when two persons practicing sword they are always training facing each other. Sword-techniques are, according to Mao, practiced like fist techniques. (Unarmed techniques can also be divided into basic groups of techniques and should often be practiced by two people standing opposite each other.) Su Pu says: Usually two people will be facing each other. The first person would be doing the Horse Stance and the other is doing the Single Whip Stance. The first person does the Seven Star and the second would be doing the Riding Dragon. All these are natural poses for attack and defence. This type of techniques are repeated and repeated until they become one whole set of techniques. They have lost the original meaning. They practitioners does a certain kind of pose and then do another kind of pose. From head to tail it makes up one whole form. Besides, both persons can do the same form together like a shadow following each other. And at the end of the form the two persons would be like twins fighting against themselves. After long time practice it becomes a form. 以下省略
URLだけじゃなくて見出しにちょこっとこういうの載せるといい。 You might think that kumdo was originated from Japan. That is definitely wrong. Although Japan developed the kumdo as a sport, Korea has the root of Kumdo. In Korea, there were 'Cho Sun Se Bup' and 'Bon Gook Gum Bup' which are the unique sword techniques. According to many historians, all
Japanese martial arts were inherited from Korea. The Japanese developed these arts in their own way--Karate or Kendo are examples. TKDT: Historically, it is understood that you, Master Seo, have had a tremendous influence on Japanese Kendo. How so?
MR. SEO: The International Kendo Federation in Japan was established in 1970 by me and my Japanese friends who trained with me. We chose Gimura Dokudaru as president and I served as vice president. Now I have been chosen as president of the World Kum Do Association. I will work hard to pay back those younger generations who chose me as president. この頃は研究スレになってしまったけど、ちょっと内部事情も知りたいところだなぁ。このMR. SEO って剣道連盟の副会長だったんだ。裏切り者だよね。いわく付きじゃん。修羅場の一つや二つあった って事だよね。含むところ一つや二つじゃない筈。 The International Kendo Federation in Japan was established in 1970 by me and my Japanese friends who trained with me. こいつの事洗いざらいしってる日本の友人がおるんだろ?なんで洗いざらい 教えてくれんねえんだ?コイツの詐欺師ぶりを暴露しろ。知ってる、知ることが出来るのは 剣道連盟だけだ。
>145 議論はフォーラムでね。ゲストブックは都合のええのしかのっけないから。 剣道をスポーツとして捉えた場合、あてっこ剣道をどうするかは、、、 柔道も同じ問題をかかえているからなあ、、、難しい。 http://www.kumdo.com/ のフォーラムより、 http://pluto.beseen.com/boardroom/m/49500/ kendo 6 kumdo sometimes i 'hear' stories about strange changes of reglementations concerning the world championships, where the korean fighters had to face disadvantages... is this true.. re: kendo 6 kumdo the korean fighters had to face disadvantages... is this true.. I think it really depends on how you look at Kumdo/Kendo. Many Koreans think Kumdo or Kendo is no longer only Japanese sport and they need to be improved and modified accordingly. So they have modified some techniques such as head strike to jumping head strike. You jump when your opponent moves to you, and strike the head. However, it is not recognized as a point. If you call this a disadvantage, then so be it. Since Kumdo/kendo can sometimes be subjective, and Japanese oriented - who could blame for this, though golf is not the case, sometimes you get calls from other countries refrees that are more favorable for Japanese when there is a competetion between Korean and Japanese. However, this is true for other sports like football, rugby, boxing, etc, also. I don't think this is disadvantage, but just a hurdle to overcome. I think you should tell your students that they should practice harder and win the competition so clearly that no one could dispute the result. Then, everyone will be happy. ^_^
自称イタリアンアメリカンkumdo lover氏の過去のご発言 To say that Korean swords are straight would be only half true. I guess the way they did it was that individual's personality had alot to do with the shape, size of the blade. So if you go to ★the Military museum ★in Seoul, you will see some blades that look like Japanese, and some not. These blades that look much like Japanese date all the way back to ★1400's. 韓国国立博物館ではなく、the Military museum ソウル軍事博物館?の方ですかね? 佩月刀は18世紀のものですけど、クムド側がわざわざ用意するくらいだから 一番日本刀に似ているものなんでしょうね。
451 名前: 名無しさん@1周年 投稿日: 2000/07/19(水) 19:18 >>445http://www.bstkd.com/CAPENER.1.HTM 多くのテコンドーの歴史的扱いには以下のような類似性がある。 1.prehistoric, tribal Korea 2.the sonbae of Koguryo and the hwarang of Shilla:subak or taekkyon 3.subakhui of the Koryo dynasty 4.t'aekkyon of the Choson dynasty 5.the fortunes of t'aegwondo in the period from the end of the 19th century 6.until the liberation of Korea from Japanese colonial rule in 1945 学術的見地からはたとえトンデモであろうとも、朝鮮に素手の格闘技があったことを 締めそうと多大な努力が払われる。 >>446http://www.bstkd.com/CAPENER.1.HTM Hwang Ki と Ch'oe Hong-huiはテッキョンを学んだ後、カラテを手法を取り入れた。 ほとんどのテコンドー史学者はカラテとの関係を一切認めようとしない。Hwang Ki は テコンドの足技の説明にテッキョンとの関係を強調する。 subak,に関する文献はテッキョンの先行物として高麗史(約1147AC)に記載がある。 subak に関する文献は李朝まで続くが、早くとも1343年ではsubakは見せ物であって武術ではない。 テッキョンはChaemulbo written by Yi Song-gi during the reign of King Chongjo (1776-1800)に最初の記載がある。19世紀中頃宮廷画家の Yu Suk ( 1827-1873) が Taek'oedo とされる壁画を描いたが、それはt'aekkyonとかssirumとの異説もある。 >>447http://www.bstkd.com/CAPENER.1.HTM in 1966 Korean T'aesudo Association はKorean T'aegwondo Associationと名称を変えた。 60初めまでは韓国の全学校ではカラテと言った名前や日本語の技術用語を用いていたので あったが、テコンドーの"Koreanize" 運動が始まると、a suitable Korean name、providing a historical basis 、developing an original system of techniques の3つが計画された。 こうした試みはCh'oe Hong-hui や Hwang Kiの反対にもかかわらず、成し遂げたれた。
675 名前: 名無しさん@1周年 投稿日: 2000/08/03(木) 19:58 恥を知る韓国人。しかし、ここ欧州韓国学の掲示板でも被害者意識 炸裂のトンデモ君が一杯いるなあ。 http://www.mailbase.ac.uk/lists/korean-studies/2000-07/0120.html Subject: Taekwondo This does not get to the most serious issue of Taekwondo's Korean origin. ★Actually "Taekwondo" did not exist in the Korean lexicon until the 1950's when many of the Karate schools in Seoul decided to "nationalize" their gyms. After the departure of Japan in 1945, Koreans who studied Karate in Japan started teaching in Korea and opened gyms, calling their styles Kung Soo Do, Tang Soo Do, Kwon Bup, etc. which all correspond to the Sino-Japanese characters Kara-te-do, Kara-te-do, Kem-po.
98 名前:名無しさん@1周年投稿日:2000/08/20(日) 23:37 ftp://64.33.44.189/pub/the_dojang/ (ここは資料の宝庫だね、妄想の) Welcome to martialartsresource.com! ftp://64.33.44.189/pub/the_dojang/MuyedoboTongji Subject: the_dojang: ★Muyedobo T'ongji★ In the original internet spirit of sharing information I decided to post my wife's and mine translation of the "Muye" even though it's a basic translation with lots of mistakes. Anyway, with all those silly letters on Hwarang Do I have to write I'll never have enough time to scan and post it on the net anyway. I've <snipped> the intro, I think Andrew pretty much covered the history already. You should remember though that the "24 martial arts" some people refer to means sword, spear, military horseback riding etc, not unarmed MA. This chapter on Kwonbop (or Chuanfa in Chinese or Kempo in Chinese) is the only one. Since ★Taekkyon was a game, not a MA, naturally it is not mentioned.★ Some techniques it's possible to recognize with the pictures (armbar etc),others "seven star punch" etc. I have no idea what is. But many of the techniques have names that are used in modern Chinese MA so... I'm looking forward to reading the complete translation (Andrew :-)
231 名前: 名無しさん@1周年 投稿日: 2000/09/06(水) 07:55
さいご 743 名前: 名無しさん@1周年 投稿日: 2000/08/12(土) 18:46 高麗時代のsubak (手拍 or手縛 )で拳法なのか剣法なのかも本当は分かって ないみたいですね。多くのサイトでは漢字からテッキョンの前身の拳法だと 推測してるみたいだけど。 http://members.aol.com/torm1358/dissert.htm#Muye%20tobo%20t'ongji As to the martial arts of the time, little is know. The official records of King Uijong (1146-1170) mentions a martial art called subak (手拍 or手縛 ).★ However, we do not know much about the art; whether it was predominately a weapons art, or an empty-hand art. ★
>>248(246のこと) >ITFは明確に空手の影響を認めているわけだし。 いや、ITFも空手の影響を認めてなどいない。 「空手がルーツだ」「空手の技術も取り入れた」ともは書いてない。 チョ氏はテッキョンを15才の時朝鮮で、その後空手を日本で学んだとか 空手とケッキョンを研究の一環として参考にしたが、 テコンドの基本原理は世界中のどんな格闘技とも異なる、と書いてるだけ。 ここよく読みなさい。ITF公式サイト HISTORY OF TAEKWON-DO http://www.itf-taekwondo.com/encylopedia/ency_history.html A combination of circumstances made it possible for me to originate and develop Taekwon-Do. In addition to my prior knowledge of Taek Kyon, I had an opportunity to learn Karate in Japan during the unhappy thirty-six years when my native land was occupied by the Japanese. I had been born frail and weak and was encouraged to learn Taek Kyon at the age of fifteen by my teacher of calligraphy. Not only was I able to return to Korea, but I subsequently initiated the national liberation movement known as the Pyongyang Student Soldier's Incident. I began to teach Karate to my soldiers as a means of physical and mental training. It was then that I realized that we needed to develop our own national martial art, superior in both spirit and technique to Japanese Karate. It was with this ambition in mind that I began to develop new techniques, systematically, from March of that same year. By the end of 1954 I had nearly completed the foundation of a new martial art for Korea, and on April 11, 1955, it was given the name "Taekwon-Do". On the spiritual level, Taekwon-Do is derived from the traditional, ethical and moral principles of the orient and, of course, from my personal philosophy. The physical techniques of Taekwon-Do are based on the principles of modern science, in particular, Newtonian physics which teaches us how to generate maximum power. Military tactics of attack and defense have also been incorporated. I wish to make it clear that although Karate and Taek Kyon were used as references in the course of my study, the fundamental theories and principles of Taekwon-Do are totally different from those of any other martial art in the world.
ITFが認めてるのはチェが空手をやっていたという事でしょう? しかし昔大韓空手協会だったとは認めないでしょうね。 I had been born frail and weak and was encouraged to learn Taek Kyon at the age of fifteen by my teacher of calligraphy. これは嘘。 . It was then that I realized that we needed to develop our own national martial art, superior in both spirit and technique to Japanese Karate. 恩を仇で返すんだね。だけどこれも嘘。 そもそも空手を改称する必要性があったからでしょう。立派な動機とは言い難い。
花郎Kumdo館 http://www.kumdo.com/kumdo/kumdo_history.htm The Purpose of Practicing Kumdo The purpose of practicing Kumdo is: To mold the mind and body, To cultivate a vigorous spirit, And through correct and rigid training, To strive for improvement of Kumdo, To hold in esteem of courtesy and honor, To treat others with sincerity, And to forever pursue the cultivation of oneself. Thus, one will be able: To be a patriot of righteousness in the highest form, To respect and honor one's parents, To trust, honor and loyal to friends, To perceive and never retreat from challenges, 全米剣道連盟 http://www.kendo-usa.org/creed.htm The Meaning of Kendo The concept of Kendo is to discipline the human character through the application of the principles of the Katana. The purpose of practicing Kendo is: To mold the mind and body, To cultivate a vigorous spirit, And through correct and rigid training, To strive for Improvement in the art of Kendo; To hold in esteem human courtesy and honor, To associate with others with sincerity, And to forever pursue the cultivation of oneself. Thus will one be able to love his country and society, To contribue to the development of culture, And to promote peace and prosperity among all people. 剣道の理念 剣道は剣の理法の修練による人間形成の道である 剣道修練の心構え 剣道を正しく真剣に学び 心身を錬磨して 旺盛なる気力を養い 剣道の特性を通じて 礼節をとうとび 信義を重んじ 誠を尽くして 常に自己の修業に努め 以って 国家社会を愛して 広く人類の平和繁栄に 寄与せんとするものである
<<<注意>>> 961695039.dat等のテキストログはそのままでは読みにくいので、 PCに保存してから、ログコンバータを使ってHTMLに変換して下さい。 ログコンバータはこちらにあります。http://members.tripod.co.jp/tatsu01/ 2ちゃんねる用ログコンバータ DAT2HTML for Windows
7百年の伝統があってどうして日本と同じ形なんだ?変じゃねえか。http://www.nova-ici.co.jp/station/snapshot/snap9904-2.html What are the basic elements of a Japanese garden?日本庭園の基本的な要素は何ですか? The Japanese garden is a combination of rocks, moss, water, and trees which reflect the natural world of mountains, oceans, and rivers. 日本庭園は石、コケ、水、木などの取り合わせで山、海、川などの自然界を表すものです。 What are its origins?その起源は何ですか Its fundamental ideals are said to have been influenced by the transfer of Buddhism from the mainland (Korea). 基本的な原則は、大陸(韓国)から伝えられてきた仏教に影響されて生まれたものと考えられ ています。 When did the bonsai tradition begin?盆栽の伝統はいつ頃から始まったのですか? The art of pruning and caring for miniature potted plants started in China more than 1, 000 years ago, and was brought to Japan during the Kamakura period. Pines are commonly used with this as well. 盆栽をせん定したり育てていく技術は中国で1,000年以上前に始まり、鎌倉時代に日本にもたら されました。盆栽にも「松」を使うことが多いです。 http://www.inh.co.jp/~hayasida/report13.html 中尾佐助「花と木の文化史」(岩波新書)には、盆栽の変遷と発達についての記述があります。 「盆栽は、ハラキリ、カミカゼとともに国際的な日本語となっているが、盆栽の源は中国にある。 唐代に盆景としてあらわれ、それ以来中国に現在まで伝えられている。盆景は鉢の中に植物を植え るが、石をそえることが多く、奇石だけを鉢に立てたものもある。これらは盆石とよばれる。中国 盆栽は現在まで盆景、盆石が大きい部分を占めてきた。現在、中国では、何本もの枝をくねくねと 曲げる「鮹造り」型の盆栽がかなり多くみられる。日本では中国の影響で、鎌倉時代の絵巻物に盆 景、盆石がみられ、また、「鉢の木」型の盆栽も登場してくる。現在、日本の盆栽はほとんど全部 が「自然美盆栽」という型になっているが、これが完成し普及したのは明治になってからである。」 In "Hana to Ki no Bunkashi" by Nakao Sasuke, Iwanami New books, we can see the description on the transition and the development of Bonsai. "Bonsai is already an international word as well as harakiri and kamikaze, but its origin comes from China. It seems to have appeared as Bonkei in the To era (618-907), since then it has been handed down to the present day. In the way of Bonkei they plant the tree in the pot, frequently adding stones to it. And some are composed of only strange stones in the pot, which they call Bonseki. Bonkei and Bonseki account for most part of Chinese Bonsai. At present in China we can often see Tako-tsukuri (octopus-like method) type of Bonsai composed of many curved branches. In old Japan, Bonkei and Bonseki can be seen in the picture scrolls of the Kamakura period (1192-1333) under the influence of Chinese culture. At present the type of "Natural Beauty Bonsai" accounts for almost all of Japanese Bonsai, and it is since the Meiji era that this type was perfected and has predominated." (my translation)
http://www.bonsaisite.com/history1.html A Detailed History of Bonsai... Bonsai first appeared in China over a thousand years ago on a very basic scale, known as pun-sai, where it was the practice of growing single specimen trees in pots. These early specimens displayed sparse foliage and rugged, gnarled trunks which often looked like animals, dragons and birds. There are a great number of myths and legends surrounding Chinese bonsai, and the grotesque or animal-like trunks and root formations are still highly prized today. Chinese bonsai come from the landscape of the imagination and images of fiery dragons and coiled serpents take far greater precedence over images of trees- so the two forms of this art are quite far apart. With Japan's adoption of many cultural trademarks of China - bonsai was also taken up, introduced to Japan during the Kamakura period (1185 - 1333) by means of Zen Buddhism - which at this time was rapidly spreading around Asia. The exact time is debatable, although it is possible that it had arrived in AD 1195 as there appears to be a reference to it in a Japanese scroll attributed to that period. Once bonsai was introduced into Japan, the art was refined to an extent not yet approached in China. Over time, the simple trees were not just confined to the Buddhist monks and their monasteries, but also later were introduced to be representative of the aristocracy - a symbol of prestige and honour. The ideals and philosophy of bonsai were greatly changed over the years. For the Japanese, bonsai represents a fusion of strong ancient beliefs with the Eastern philosophies of the harmony between man, the soul and nature. In an ancient Japanese scroll written in Japan around the Kamakura period, it is translated to say : "To appreciate and find pleasure in curiously curved potted trees is to love deformity". Whether this was intended as a positive or negative statement, it leaves us to believe that growing dwarfed and twisted trees in containers was an accepted practice among the upper class of Japan by the Kamakura period. By the fourteenth century bonsai was indeed viewed as a highly refined art form, meaning that it must have been an established practice many years before that time. Bonsai were brought indoors for display at special times by the 'Japanese elite' and became an important part of Japanese life by being displayed on specially designed shelves. http://www.bonsai-nbf.org/ National Bonsai Foundation Web site JAPANESE BONSAI COLLECTION CHINESE COLLECTION(なんか日本のと変わらないなあ) http://yonemura.co.jp/main/oversea/yunnan/enihaku/engeihaku4.htm 昆明世界園芸博 中国館 中国らしい盆栽、石組み、木などの盆養品の出展も多い。
剣道と似てるかな。江戸時代に興隆したとこなんか。 しかし、下のはちょっとどうかな。 http://www.bonsai.co.jp/ 盆栽は、日本で生まれ、今や世界中に広まっている芸術であり文化です。 『月刊近代盆栽』は世界一の内容と知名度を誇ります。 はじめての人から上級者まで、これ1冊で満足できる充実の内容が自慢。 親切でていねいな解説と、美しい盆栽の写真が詰まっています。 Born in Japan, BONSAI is an art that is currently spreading throughout the world. The monthly magazine "KINDAI BONSAI" takes pride in having the best contents and popularity in the world. We are sure that the contents of this one publication can completely satisfy everyone, from the beginner to the experienced bonsai person. It is full of well written explanations and photographs of beautiful bonsai. http://www.inh.co.jp/~hayasida/report20.html 日本庭園: 日本庭園の様式はイタリア、フランスなどの欧米の様式と異なり、独特のものです。様式を 決定する要素として、植物、気象、岩石、地形、その他の自然的要素、更に社会的、文化的、 歴史的、科学技術的な要素を挙げることができます。風景式の日本庭園は大別して、築山(つ きやま)、平庭(ひらにわ)、露地(ろじ、茶庭)の3つが挙げられますが、築山の構成要素の 1つに夕陽木(せきようぼく)があり、これには紅葉する広葉樹がふさわしく、西日をさえぎる 役目があり庭の西側に植えられます。(住まいの庭園技能講座:日本園芸協会) ここにカエデ、サクラ、ウメなどが選ばれます。カエデとは直接関係ありませんが、同文献に よれば、中国庭園の特徴として太湖石の活用があります。太湖石は石灰岩で質が軟らかく、風雨 により侵食され奇怪な形をしており、利用されるようになった、とあります。(杭州植物園) 川端康成「美しい日本の私」のなかに次の記述もあります。 「日本の庭園もまた大きい自然を象徴するものです。西洋の庭園が多くは均整に造られるのにく らべて、日本の庭園はたいてい不均整に造られますが、不均整は均整よりも、多くのもの、広い ものを象徴できるからでありませう。勿論その不均整は、日本人の繊細微妙な感性によって釣り 合ひが保たれての上であります。日本の造園ほど複雑、多趣、綿密、したがってむずかしい造園 法はありません。枯山水という岩や石を組み合わせるだけの法は、その石組みによって、そこに ない山や川、また大海の波の打ち寄せるさままでを現はします。 その凝縮を極めると、日本の盆栽になり、盆石となります。」
盆栽のルーツは中国の唐代の盆景だそうですが、日本では 何時頃から盆栽の文字が現れたんでしょうか? http://mentai.2ch.net/test/read.cgi?bbs=korea&key=961695039&st=711&to=711&nofirst=true では江戸時代からと書かれているのに?韓国が日本の直接なルーツの 筈なのになんで韓国では日本式に盆栽と表記するのか?700年の歴史と言いますが、 although it is possible that it had arrived in AD 1195 as there appears to be a reference to it in a Japanese scroll attributed to that period. 日本では既に800年の歴史がある模様。 >http://www.chion-in.or.jp/c_03/mite/page1.html >法然上人絵伝(国宝) >宗祖法然上人の絵伝であるが、その誕生から入寂に至る行状のほか、法語、消息、著述など >の思想もあらわし、さらに門弟の列伝、帰依者(天皇、公家、武家)の事蹟までをも含んで >四八巻に構成している。 >後伏見上皇の勅命で、比叡山功徳院の舜昌法印(知恩院九世)が徳治二年(一三〇七)から >十余年をかけて制作したと伝える。 時代合わせるの失敗しましたね。ひょっとすると一三〇七に合わせたのかもしれない。 なんで盆栽と表記するのかな〜〜〜〜。
74 名前:名無しさん@1周年投稿日:2000/08/18(金) 05:05 盆栽芸術苑 http://www.punjae.com/ の件は今は亡き新剣道スレで取り上げられてたね。 720 名前: 名無しさん@1周年 投稿日: 2000/08/08(火) 05:42 盆栽のルーツは中国の唐代の盆景だそうですが、日本では 何時頃から盆栽の文字が現れたんでしょうか? http://www.inh.co.jp/~hayasida/report13.html http://www.bonsaisite.com/history1.html http://www.sandex.ab.psiweb.com/bube/bon-j3.html では江戸時代からと書かれているのに?韓国が日本の直接なルーツの 筈なのになんで韓国では日本式に盆栽と表記するのか?700年の歴史と言いますが、 although it is possible that it had arrived in AD 1195 as there appears to be a reference to it in a Japanese scroll attributed to that period. 日本では既に800年の歴史がある模様。 >http://www.chion-in.or.jp/c_03/mite/page1.html >法然上人絵伝(国宝) >宗祖法然上人の絵伝であるが、その誕生から入寂に至る行状のほか、法語、消息、著述など >の思想もあらわし、さらに門弟の列伝、帰依者(天皇、公家、武家)の事蹟までをも含んで >四八巻に構成している。 >後伏見上皇の勅命で、比叡山功徳院の舜昌法印(知恩院九世)が徳治二年(一三〇七)から >十余年をかけて制作したと伝える。 時代合わせるの失敗しましたね。ひょっとすると一三〇七に合わせたのかもしれない。 なんで盆栽と表記するのかな〜〜〜〜。